Влияние формы профиля резьбы дентального имплантата на внутрикостные напряжения и смещения при осевых и угловых нагрузках: экспериментальное исследование in silico

Настоящее исследование посвящено изучению влияния геометрии резьбы дентальных имплантатов на периимплантатную костную ткань. Актуальность исследования в том, что на сегодняшний день существует множество различных геометрических форм дентальных имплантатов, которые могут применяться в клинической практике. Однако нет однозначного ответа на вопрос: какая форма внешней резьбы является оптимальной? В обзоре литературы раскрываются основные данные исследований, связанных с изучением данного вопроса. Дизайн эксперимента был нацелен на изоляцию признака формы внешней резьбы дентального имплантата от других характеристик — формы тела, длины, диаметра, различия формы и качества периимплантатной кости. Для исключения погрешностей физических методов измерений формой эксперимента было выбрано исследование in silico с численным анализом методом конечных элементов. В качестве прилагаемых к имплантату нагрузок определены 100 Н, 200 Н, 300 Н, 400 Н, 500 Н и углы их приложения 0° и 30°, что характерно для функциональной нагрузки на дентальные имплантаты, возникающей при жевании. В результате эксперимента выявлена зависимость пиковых напряжений в периимплантатной кости и величины абсолютных смещений на поверхности между имплантатом и костью от формы резьбы дентального имплантата.

The present study aims to investigate the influence of the geometry of dental implant threads on peri-implant bone tissue. This is an important topic because there are numerous different geometric shapes of dental implants available for use in clinical practice today. However, the question of which shape of external thread is optimal remains unanswered. A literature review has revealed the main research findings related to this issue. To isolate the feature of external thread shape from other factors, such as implant body shape, length, diameter, and differences in peri-implant bone quality and shape, an experiment was designed. In order to minimize errors associated with physical measurements, a digital analysis using the finite element method in silico was chosen as a form of experiment. The loads applied to the implant were 100N, 200N, 300N, 400N and 500N, and they were applied at angles of 0° and 30°. These values are typical of the functional loads on dental implants during chewing. As a result of the experiment, the dependence of peak stresses in the periimplant bone and the magnitude of absolute displacements on the surface between the implant and the bone on the shape of the dental implant thread was revealed.

форма резьбы дентального имплантата, распределение напряжений в периимплантатной кости, биомеханика дентального имплантата, конечно-элементный анализ, эксперимент in silico.

dental implant thread shape, stress distribution in the periimplant bone, biomechanics of the dental implant, finite element analysis, in silico experiment.

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2. Dashevsky I.N., Shushpannikov P.S. The influence of thread characteristics on the primary stability of implants // Russian Journal of Biomechanics. - 2018. - Vol. 22, No. 3. - P. 361-377.
3. Abuhussein H., Pagni G., Rebaudi A.,Wang, H.-L. The effect of thread pattern upon implant osseointegration // Clin. Oral Implant Journal. - 2010. - Res. 21. - P. 129-136
4. Albrektsson T., Brånemark P.-I., Hansson H.-A. Osseointegrated titanium implants. Requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man // Journal of Acta orthop. scand. - 1981. - Vol. 52. - P. 155-170.
5. Calì M., Zanetti Е.-М., Oliveria S.-M. et al. Influence of thread shape and inclination on the biomechanical behavior of plateau implant systems // The Academy of Dental Materials. - 2018. - Vol. 34. - P. 460-469.
6. Cameron H.U., Pilliar R.M., MacNab I. The effect of movement on the bonding of porous metal to bone // J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 1973;7(4):P.301-311.
7. Faegh S. Mechanism of load transfer along the bone-dental implant interface: PhD Thesis. - Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 2009. - 152 p.
8. Faegh S., Muftu S. Load transfer along the bone-dental implant interface // Journal of Biomechanics. - 2010. - Vol. 43. - P. 1761-1770.
9. Jennifer T. Steigenga, Khalaf F., Wang H-L .et al. Dental Implant Design and Its Relationship to Long-Term Implant Success // Implant Dentistry. - 2003. - Vol. 12, № 4. - P. 306-317.
10. Jeffrey J. McCulloug, Perry R. Klokkevold. The effect of implant macro-thread design on implant stability in the early post-operative period: a randomized, controlled pilot study // Clin. Oral Imp. - 2016. - Res. 0 - P. 1-9.
11. Hansson S., Werkeb M. The implant thread as a retention element in cortical bone: the effect of thread size and thread profile: a finite element study // Journal of Biomechanics. - 2003. - Vol. 36. - P. 1247-1258.
12. Herekar M.G., Patil V.N., Mulani S.S. The influence of thread geometry on biomechanical load transfer to bone: A finite element analysis comparing two implant thread designs // Dental Research Journal. - 2014. -Vol. 11. - P. 489-494.
13. Maniatopoulos C., Pilliar R.M., Smith D.C. Threaded versus porous-surfaced designs for implant stabilization in bone-endodontic implant model // J Biomed. Mater. Res. 1986;20(9):1309-1333.
14. Oswal M., Amasi U.N., Oswal M.S. Influence of three different implant thread designs on stress distribution: A three dimensional finite element analysis // The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society. - 2016. - Vol. 16. - P. 359-365.
15. Ryu H.S., Namgung C., Lee J.-H., Lim Y.-J. The influence of thread geometry on implant osseointegration under immediate loading: a literature review // Journal Adv. Prosthodont. - 2014. - Vol. 6. - P. 547-554.
16. Schroeder A., Zypen E., Hermann S., Franz S. The Reactions of Bone, Connective Tissue, and Epithelium to Endosteal Implants with Titanium Sprayed Surfaces // Journal Max. - Fac. Surg. - 1981. - Vol. 9. - P. 15-25.
17. Soballe K., Hansen E.S., Brockstedt-Rasmussen H., Jørgensen P.H., Bünger C. Tissue ingrowth into titanium and hydroxyapatite-coated implants during stable and unstable mechanical conditions // J. Orthop. Res. 1992; 10(2). - P. 285-299.
18. Shafi A.A., Abdul Kadir M.R., Sulaiman E. et al. The Effect of Dental Implant Materials and Thread Profiles - A Finite Element and Statistical Study // Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics. - 2013. - Vol. 3. - P. 509-513.
19. Shankar S., Gowthaman K., Raja G., Nirmala C., Satheesh Kumar N. Investigations on various thread designs & materials for dental implants - a 3d finite element study // Trends in Biomaterials and Artificial Organs. - 2016. - № 2. - P. 100-105.
20. Yamaguchi Y., Makoto S., Masaki F. et al. Effects of implant thread design on primary stability - a comparison between single-and double-threaded implants in an artificial bone model // International Journal of Implant Dentistry. - 2020. - Vol. 6. - P. 1-9.
21. Yenumula J.B. Manikyamba, A.V. Rama Raju, et al. Implant thread designs: An overview.// TPDI. - 2017. Vol. 8, № 1. - P. 11-19.
22. Zhang G., Yuan H., Chen X. et al. A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Study on the Biomechanical Simulation of Various Structured Dental Implants and Their Surrounding Bone Tissues // International Journal of Dentistry. - 2016. - 9 p.
23. Znamensky N.N. Implantation künstlicher Zähne // Leipzig: Deutsche Monatsschrift Für Zahnheilkunde. - 1891. - Р. 87-107.